Deep Creek Lake history is a fascinating story of transformation—from a hydroelectric project to Maryland’s largest freshwater lake and a beloved vacation destination. As the lake celebrates its centennial in 2025, it’s the perfect time to reflect on its past, appreciate its present, and look ahead to its future.
The Origins of Deep Creek Lake
Planning for what would become Deep Creek Lake began as early as 1908, but initial efforts were unsuccessful. Progress finally moved forward in 1921 when the Youghiogheny Hydro-Electric Corporation, a subsidiary of the Pennsylvania Electric Corporation (PENELEC), was granted permission to build dams across Deep Creek and the Youghiogheny River.
In 1922, preliminary surveys were conducted to assess the area’s hydroelectric potential. Engineers measured the water levels of the Youghiogheny River and established gauging stations to analyze water flow. The original plan, based on these studies, called for the construction of four dams and three powerhouses. One dam was to be built near the confluence of Deep Creek and the Youghiogheny River, another upstream on the Yough north of Deep Creek, and two more south of the Deep Creek project.
However, feasibility studies determined that the Deep Creek dam and powerhouse would be the most financially viable to develop first. Ultimately, it was the only dam from the original plan that was ever constructed, shaping the future of Deep Creek Lake as we know it today.
Construction of Deep Creek Lake began in November 1923, starting with land acquisition. The Eastern Land Corporation managed real estate transactions, with land prices ranging from $5 to $2,500 per acre, averaging around $55. Entire farms were purchased—even when only portions would be flooded—since rising water levels often cut off road access. In total, about 140 farms were acquired, covering 8,000 acres, though only 4,500 acres were submerged. When possible, buildings, including private homes and two schoolhouses, were relocated to higher ground.
The dam and powerhouse were built by Charles Hawley & Company, Inc. of Washington, DC, employing around 1,000 workers who were housed near what is now Red Run Condominiums. The project also required major infrastructure changes, including extending the B&O Railroad from Oakland to the dam site, relocating nearly 15 miles of highway, moving two steel bridges, and opening a quarry to supply stone for the dam and roads.
After nearly two years of construction, the Deep Creek hydroelectric plant began operations at 4 p.m. on May 26, 1925. The earth and rock-fill dam, still largely unchanged, stretches 1,340 feet across Deep Creek, about 1.75 miles upstream from its confluence with the Youghiogheny River. Water flows from the lake through a 7,000-foot power tunnel to the brick powerhouse, which generates approximately 18 megawatts of electricity using two Francis-type turbines and generators. While the original steel bridges have since been replaced with modern concrete structures, the dam remains a lasting piece of Deep Creek Lake’s history.
From Power Source to Vacation Destination
Tourism at Deep Creek Lake wasn’t always the thriving industry it is today. Early on, local residents were the primary ones enjoying its recreational opportunities. In winter, the frozen lake became a playground for creative minds, leading to the invention of ice boats and even an ice plane.
By the 1950s and 60s, word spread about the excellent fishing and boating, attracting more visitors from Pittsburgh and sparking the development of lakefront cabins.
The 1980s brought even greater growth as new interstate highways made the lake more accessible to travelers from Baltimore and Washington, D.C.
Deep Creek Lake Today
Today, Deep Creek Lake is owned by the state of Maryland and managed by the Department of Natural Resources. As the state’s largest freshwater lake, it stretches 13 miles, covers 3,900 acres, and boasts 65 miles of shoreline. The lake has an average depth of 25 feet, with its deepest point reaching about 75 feet near the dam.
Year-round recreation is a staple at Deep Creek Lake. Summer brings classic lake activities like boating, swimming, fishing, water skiing, and paddleboarding. In spring and fall, the area’s seven state parks offer scenic hiking and biking, especially amid the vibrant autumn foliage.
Deep Creek Lake History Comes to Life
To celebrate 100 years of Deep Creek Lake history, a series of centennial events will take place throughout 2025. The DCL100 Committee has organized historical exhibits, community activities, and educational programs to highlight the lake’s past and future.
One exciting initiative includes educational kiosks placed around the lake, offering insights into its formation, environmental significance, and recreational development. The DCL100 Exploration Ticket will also encourage visitors to discover key sites that shaped Deep Creek Lake’s history.
Two of our sales agents serve on the DCL100 Committee, and Taylor-Made is a proud sponsor. Chris Nichols is the Chair, and Karen Myers, Taylor-Made Sales Agent, serves as the Vice Chair. She is incredible knowledgeable about the area and Deep Creek Lake history.
Honoring the Past and Looking Forward to the Future
The centennial of Deep Creek Lake is a milestone that celebrates not just its history, but also the generations who have enjoyed its waters and mountain charm. As we look ahead, ongoing conservation efforts will ensure that Deep Creek Lake remains a treasured destination for another hundred years.
For more information on Deep Creek Lake history and upcoming centennial celebrations, visit DCL100.com.